Volvo FH

FH in brief

The Volvo FH has been in production since 1993. It is most commonly purchased as a 4x2 tractor for international haulage, but there are also 6x2 tractors and rigid trucks with a liftable axle, and for heavy loads, 6x4 and 8x4 versions. The most powerful version is called the FH16 — it features a larger 16-litre engine.

The number in the Volvo name usually indicates the engine power in horsepower: for example, the FH 460 has around 460 hp. The FH is praised for its comfortable cabs, safety features, and the I-Shift automated gearbox, which has become almost standard over time.

Generations — what sets them apart

The first generation (1993–2002) and the second (2002–2012; the 2008 updated version is often referred to as the third generation) are the most affordable FH models today. Most of them have covered many miles and meet older Euro emissions standards, so they are often used for local work.

The fourth generation (2012–2020, often referred to as the FH4) features a completely new cab, Euro 6 engines, and more modern equipment. It is the most popular generation in the used market. Many vehicles come with the I-See function, which selects gears based on the road profile to save fuel, and some have the Volvo Dynamic Steering electric power steering.

Fifth generation (from 2020) gets a new cabin with a digital instrument cluster, more driver-assistance systems and often LED headlights. The 2024 FH Aero features a longer, more aerodynamic front end and often cameras instead of mirrors. There's also the electric FH Electric.

Engines and transmissions

Fourth and fifth generations most commonly feature the 13-litre D13 engine (around 420–540 hp), while the FH16 has a 16-litre D16 (around 550–780 hp). Newer models also offer the D13 TC version, which uses an additional turbine to recapture exhaust gas energy and save fuel. Euro 6 engines come with AdBlue systems and particulate filters.

I-Shift is a 12-speed automated manual transmission found in most newer FH models. Since 2014, the I-Shift Dual Clutch version with two clutches has been available, allowing for gear changes without interrupting traction. Older FH models might have a manual transmission.

Often fitted with engine brakes like the VEB or VEB+, and some trucks come with a transmission retarder, which is particularly useful on hilly routes and with heavy loads.

What to check when buying a used FH

Check the mileage and engine hours via the service history and tachograph data — trucks often cover more than 100,000 km per year. Ask for a diagnostic report with error logs and usage statistics.

Test the I-Shift gearbox: gears should shift smoothly, and the clutch should not slip or hesitate when moving with a load. Check the retarder or engine brake operation, the AdBlue system, NOx sensors, and the particulate filter — repairs to these parts can often be expensive.

Inspect the frame (for cracks, welds, and severe corrosion), the fifth wheel coupling, cab suspension, and interior. In older cabs, check for corrosion. Ensure the tachograph is working, has been tested, and the vehicle meets the Euro standard you require.

Cab and version

Cab names and equipment vary by generation and year; we list the most commonly found FH cabs and versions in Europe.

Comparison of cabins and versions

For international haulage, you'll often find yourself drawn to a fourth or fifth-generation FH 4x2 tractor unit with a D13 engine, I-Shift gearbox, and Globetrotter cab. The FH16 is only worth considering if you're regularly hauling extremely heavy loads.

Frequently asked questions