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GAZ-46: 1952–1958 Soviet amphibious off-roader
GAZ-46 (MAV) — 1952–1958 Soviet amphibious military off-roader, based on the GAZ-69. We look at its history, technology, and what collectors need to know.
GAZ-46 in brief
The GAZ-46 was designed as a small amphibious off-roader for military use. It can travel on both land and water, with a hull-shaped body reminiscent of World War II amphibious vehicles.
Today, this is a very rare collector's car. You'll find it in museums, historical vehicle clubs, and in the hands of collectors.
What makes it special
The mechanical base is taken from the GAZ-69, so parts like the engine, gearbox, and transmission are similar to this off-roader. Due to the amphibious body and propeller, the car differs significantly from conventional off-roaders.
The GAZ-46 concept resembles the WWII-era US amphibious vehicle Ford GPA, but it is a distinct Soviet car.
Engine and drivetrain
The engine is a roughly 2.1-litre four-cylinder petrol unit, producing around 55 hp. It was also used in the GAZ-69.
The vehicle is four-wheel drive (4×4) with a manual gearbox. In water, it moves via a propeller, so the speed is modest.
What to know before buying
The most important factors are the body's condition, rust, and originality. Finding parts is challenging, and restoration requires specialist knowledge.
Before buying, check the origin documents, as such vehicles don't always have a clear history. Also, find out if the vehicle can be registered in Lithuania, as military tech has additional requirements.
Trims
Names and equipment vary by market and year; we list the versions most commonly found in Europe.
GAZ-46 (MAV)
1952–1958Standard military amphibious version.
- Approximately 2.1-litre petrol engine
- Four-wheel drive (4×4)
- Military-style body with winch
GAZ-46 vs GAZ-69 comparison
| GAZ-46 | GAZ-69 | |
|---|---|---|
| Purpose | Amphibious off-roader | Military and civilian off-roader |
| Feature | Can drive through water | Land off-roader |
| Price in the used market (relatively) | €€ | €€ |
The GAZ-46 is a rare historic vehicle that appeals to collectors and motoring enthusiasts. The key factors are condition and provenance.
Pros
- A rare amphibious 4x4
- An intriguing slice of Soviet history
- Simple, familiar technology
- Can travel on water
Cons
- Finding parts and specialists can be challenging
- Requires constant maintenance
- Registration and use may have restrictions
Frequently asked questions
When was the GAZ-46 produced?
The GAZ-46 was produced from 1952 to 1958.
What engine does the GAZ-46 have?
Approximately a 2.1-litre four-cylinder petrol engine, which was also used in the GAZ-69.
Can the GAZ-46 float?
Yes, it's amphibious and it moves through water with a propeller.
Updated 2026-10-21 · Trim levels and equipment vary by market and model year — check the equipment of the specific car. · Translated automatically
