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Ferrari Berlinetta Boxer: 365 GT4 BB and 512 BB — what to know about the classic
Ferrari Berlinetta Boxer — a mid-engine 12-cylinder sports coupe, produced from the early 1970s to the mid-1980s. In this article, we review the model's versions, technology, and key points for collectors or buyers.
Berlinetta Boxer in brief
Berlinetta Boxer — the first Ferrari series production car with a 12-cylinder engine mounted behind the driver. The engine is a flat 'boxer' type, making the car low and giving it a low centre of gravity.
This is a collector's car: produced in small numbers, often seen at shows and events, rather than driven daily on the road.
Versions
The first version was the 365 GT4 BB, introduced in the early 1970s. It was later replaced by the 512 BB, which had an increased engine capacity of 5.0 litres.
Later came the 512i BB with fuel injection — the final version of this model, replaced by the Testarossa.
Engine and gearbox
The 365 GT4 BB had a 4.4-litre flat 12-cylinder engine, while the 512 BB had a 5.0-litre unit. Power output was around 360–380 hp, depending on the version. The 512i BB engine worked with fuel injection instead of carburettors.
All versions have a 5-speed manual gearbox and rear-wheel drive. The steering is direct but lacks power assistance, so it requires physical effort.
What to check when buying a Berlinetta Boxer
This is a very rare and expensive classic, so the main thing is documented history, authenticity, and whether the car has the original engine and gearbox. Before buying, enlist a specialist who knows classic Ferraris.
Pay attention to the body condition and signs of repairs, as the earliest cars were made from steel with aluminum parts. Check for corrosion, especially around the sills and wheel arches.
Engine and gearbox repairs are complex and expensive: often, to remove the engine, you need to dismantle the rear section. Check if major overhauls have been done and who performed them.
Trim levels
Names and equipment vary by market and year; we list the versions most commonly found in Europe.
365 GT4 BB
The first versionThe earliest Berlinetta Boxer version with a 4.4-litre engine.
- 4.4-litre flat V12 engine
- Often with a carburettor fuel system
- Very limited production run
512 BB
A later versionWith a larger 5.0-litre engine.
- 5.0-litre flat V12 engine
- Updated aerodynamics
- Often with a carburettor fuel system
512i BB
The final versionWith fuel injection instead of a carburettor.
- 5.0-litre engine with fuel injection
- Smoother operation and better ecology
- The final iteration of this line before the Testarossa
Comparison of versions
| 365 GT4 BB | 512 BB | 512i BB | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Engine | 4.4-litre | 5.0-litre | 5.0-litre with injection |
| Who it's for | For those seeking a pristine early Boxer | For those seeking more power | For those seeking a more reliable and easier-to-maintain variant |
| Price in the used market (relatively) | €€€ | €€€ | €€€ |
All versions are collectible, so authenticity and history are key. If you want easier maintenance, consider the 512i BB with fuel injection.
Pros
- The first Ferrari road car with a mid-mounted 12-cylinder engine
- Distinctive 1970s styling
- Rare collectible model
- High prestige
Cons
- Very expensive to buy and maintain
- Complex engine overhaul
- Finding parts and specialists
Frequently asked questions
How does the 512 BB differ from the 365 GT4 BB?
The 512 BB has a larger 5.0-litre engine and updated aerodynamics, while the 365 GT4 BB has a 4.4-litre engine.
What sets the 512i BB apart?
It's the final version with fuel injection, which runs smoother and is less temperamental than the carburetted versions.
Can such a car be used daily?
Most owners use it sparingly — it's a collectible model with complex repairs and expensive parts.
Updated 2026-10-19 · Trim levels and equipment vary by market and model year — check the equipment of the specific car. · Translated automatically
